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    • 专利摘要:
    Control device (1) for a handling device (2), comprising a storage medium (3), a processor (4), an output (5) for outputting signals and an input (6) for receiving signals from the handling device (2) when a limit value (G) is reached by the control device (1), the end of a waiting phase (W) can be defined, the waiting phase (W) being an actuation of an end attached to an end-of-arm (7) of a handling arm (8). of arm tools (12) is located upstream and the fading of vibrations of the end-of-arm (7) of the handling arm (8) of the handling device (2) is used, wherein the signals received via the input (6) has a dynamic parameter (Pdyn) of the end-of-arm (7) of the handling arm (8) and the limit value (Gdyn) corresponds to a stored in the storage medium, certain dynamic parameters (Pdyn) of the Endof-Arms (7), wherein by a comparison unit (9 ) of the control device (1) the received signals with the limit (Gdyn) comparable and when the limit value (Gdyn) has been reached, the end of the waiting phase (W) can be determined, or wherein several decay profiles of the end-of-arm (7) each having a course (Vdyn) of a dynamic parameter (Pdyn) in the storage medium (3) depending on the curve (Vdyn) of the dynamic parameter (Pdyn), the limit value (Gt), which corresponds to a time limit, can be fixed and, when the limit value (Gt) is reached, the end of the waiting phase (W) is definable.
    公开号:AT519508A1
    申请号:T50940/2016
    申请日:2016-10-18
    公开日:2018-07-15
    发明作者:Dipl Ing Höglinger Wolfgang
    申请人:Engel Austria Gmbh；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to a control device for a handling device, comprising a storage medium, a processor, an output for outputting signals and an input for receiving signals of the handling device, wherein upon reaching a limit value of the control device, the end of a waiting phase can be determined, wherein the waiting phase preceded by an actuation of an end-of-arm tool attached to an end-of-arm of a handling arm, and which serves to dampen vibrations of the end-of-arm of the handling arm of the handling device. The invention further relates to a handling apparatus for a forming machine, comprising a handling arm having an end-of-arm, an end-of-arm tool attached to the handling arm for manipulating a molding or semi-finished product, at least one handling device for the handling arm and such control device. Moreover, the invention relates to a shaping system with a shaping machine and such a handling device.
    In the field of automation technology, various types of machines have been used for many decades to move various objects from one place to another during the production of an object. For this very often robots or so-called handling devices are used. These handling devices are usually anchored fixed at a certain point of the production hall and have at least one handling arm, with which spatial movements can be performed. For this purpose, the handling device usually has a plurality of linear (typically denoted by X, Y and Z) and / or rotational (typically designated A, B and C) axes of motion. A special area in the handling arm is the end of the arm (ie the end of the linear XYZ axes), which is referred to below as the end-of-arm. Sometimes the term end-of-ABC is used, meaning the end of the spin axis (ABC) following the end-of-arm. At this end-of-arm is usually a manipulator or transfer head (hereinafter called end-of-arm tool) arranged. This has on the object to be moved or on the process to be performed adapted manipulation elements (eg, grippers, suckers, magnets, etc.). For processes to be performed, the position and / or orientation of the tip of the transfer head / tool is particular
    Meaning and is referred to as Tool Center Point (TCP). Simple versions of handling devices have only linear axes or pneumatic rotary axes, which typically can only assume two predetermined by the end positions of pneumatic actuators positions. There are also mixed variants with pneumatic and servomotor rotary axes - often in such simple handling devices the end-of-arm is also referred to as TCP, knowing that the gripper position deviates from it. In the following, a more detailed distinction between end-of-arm, end-of-ABC and tool center point is omitted and end-of-arm is used as a synonym.
    Not only in the production of molded parts in molding machines, such as injection molding or transfer molding, it is such that the speed of the movements performed by the handling device should be as high as possible in order to achieve the shortest possible production time per piece produced. However, the faster the movements of the handling arm are and the longer the handling arms protrude (or the longer the distance covered by the end-of-arm travel), the stronger the swing-out movements of the end-of-arm will be manipulating object or location of the process to be performed.
    For this reason, there have already been various attempts to positively influence or optimize this swing-out behavior. For this purpose, reference may be made, for example, to DE 10 2009 040 434 A1, which shows a handling part for an injection molding machine with active damping. In particular, it is about allowing an accurate and fast positioning and thus a short cycle time, while minimizing the vibrations of the handling device. By taking into account the elastic properties of at least one movable component of the handling device in which this elastic behavior is described at least approximately by means of a mathematical model and by modification or generation of the desired trajectory of the tail according to this model, the elastic or dynamic deviations of the position of the tail reduced from the originally specified position and avoided the excited vibrations or at least reduced. In other words, by deliberately influencing the desired orbit, it is attempted to reduce the oscillation occurring.
    Similarly, EP 1 920 892 B1 also shows a robot control device taking into account dynamic characteristics of the robot and a component. For this purpose, a first submodel and a second submodel are created. In particular, there are modeled spring damper elements which are each associated with one of the submodels. The point is that the robot and the component attached to the robot can be used, for example. B. are put into vibration by a shock and swinging is observed by measurement. The decay process is modeled. From this again a signal is determined, which corresponds to the angle of this axis during the swinging especially as a function currently discrete times. By minimizing the error, the vibration frequency and the resulting rigidity of the entire system is determined. As measuring devices, for example, acceleration sensors on the flange of the robot or a camera system, which observes the so-called Tool Center Point (TCP) of the robot mentioned. Alternatively, the decay process can also be observed with the position sensor arranged on the electric drive or by analyzing the electrical current of the drive. This decay then gives a signal as a function of time at discrete times. Thus, although the decay is observed, but there is no direct influence on the robot process to shorten the production time.
    Although the problem of cycle time reduction is addressed in EP 2 560 802 B1, this is not about the swing-out behavior of a handling arm. Rather, it is in the removal of injection molded articles from an injection molding machine with an automatic handling device that the position of the mold is detected. As a function of an edge of a signal of a signal generator, the movement sequence of the automatic handling machine predetermined by the control and regulation unit is recalculated after each removal cycle. In particular, the handling machine is moved from its start position to the next removal cycle via a timer on which the newly calculated start time is based. The aim of this invention as a whole is to shorten the time from the positive edge of the open-mold signal until it reaches the removal position. This makes it possible to save the total time for a production cycle, which increases the productivity.
    The cited documents serve mainly to explain already known ideas on the subject of improving the decay behavior and shortening the cycle time. But all these writings do not show a generic control device. Such a control device according to the preamble of claim 1 makes it possible that the decay behavior of the end-of-arm has no negative influence on the manipulation of the object to be manipulated. In fact, if the decay has not sufficiently decayed, the end-of-arm and end-of-arm tool will not be in the intended location, causing the item (molding or folder) to be gripped incorrectly or, in the worst case Mold or Flalbzeug, the mold or the Flandlinggerät is damaged. To avoid this, a limit value in the form of a time limit is specified in the storage medium. This limit has been determined empirically and indicates at what point in time after reaching the position for manipulation the actual manipulation may actually be started. To determine this limit value, it was empirically determined how long it takes for experiments until the decay has subsided sufficiently. This time limit is then chosen sufficiently large, so that an unexpectedly longer swinging has no negative effects. Therefore, a certain additional buffer is included in this fixed limit value. For example, the time limit of the threshold may be between 0.3 and 2 seconds.
    A disadvantage of this generic control device is that the waiting time can be unnecessarily too long, although the actual swinging would have decayed sufficiently. Thus, valuable cycle time is wasted. Even if the threshold of the waiting time is too long by only 0.1 second per cycle, then for 600 cycles it is already 1 minute of unnecessary waiting time.
    The object of the present invention is therefore to provide an improved control device and an improved handling device and to avoid the mentioned disadvantages of the generic state of the art. In particular, it should be avoided to waste cycle time by waiting.
    This is achieved by a control device having the features of claim 1.
    A first variant according to the invention therefore provides that the signals received via the input represent a dynamic parameter of the end-of-arm of the handling arm and the limit value corresponds to a specific dynamic parameter of the end-of-arm stored in the storage medium, wherein a comparison unit the control device, the received signals are comparable to the limit and upon reaching the limit, the end of the waiting phase can be determined. Thus, no fixed time limit is used as the end of the waiting phase or as a starting point for continuing, but it is a current signal, which describes the decay of the end-of-arm in the form of a dynamic parameter, compared with a corresponding limit. This limit value is thus not formed by a time value, but by a value representing the decay. This is chosen so that a negative influence on the subsequent manipulation is practically excluded. For example, it is chosen to be at 5% of the maximum swing at the time the manipulation position is reached. This means that only a slight vibration is present, but which can not affect the manipulation significantly negative. Of course, the more sensitive the part to be manipulated, the lower this limit, representing a dynamic parameter, may be. As soon as the signal of the currently available dynamic parameter which has arrived via the input reaches the limit value or exceeds it in the predetermined direction, the end of the waiting phase has been reached.
    A second and alternative variant according to the invention therefore provides that several decay profiles of the end-of-arm are stored in the storage medium, each with a curve of a dynamic parameter of the end-of-arm, depending on the course of, preferably calculated, dynamic
    Parameters of the limit, which corresponds to a time limit, can be defined and when the limit value is reached, the end of the waiting phase can be defined. In this variant, therefore, the current dynamic value is not taken into account, but first a modeling of the decay behavior based on known values of the end-of-arm such as movement speed, movement path, deceleration behavior, weight of the components involved, deflection, stress state, etc. Based on this modeled decay behavior, the limit is set in the form of a time limit. Thus, there is no empirical determination of the time limit, but a calculation based on actual parameters of the Flandlingarms. This also leads to a shortening of the cycle time, since the time limit can be set very close to a sufficiently low swing-out value of the course of the dynamic parameter.
    In principle, the Flandling device or a control of the Flandling device can independently read from the control device or query the specified end of the waiting phase. According to a preferred embodiment, however, it is provided that a continuation signal can be output or output by the control device as a function of the fixed end of the waiting phase. The end of the waiting phase can for example be stored in the form of a settable by the installer limit.
    In general, it is preferably provided that the dynamic parameter is a vibration value determined on the basis of the speed, the acceleration, the deflection, the stress state and / or the position of the end-of-arm, preferably measured or calculated. "Dynamic" in this context means that the actual time course of the swing-out motion - ie the dynamics of the end-of-arm - is taken into account in this dynamic parameter. The determination, preferably measurement, of the vibration value takes place at at least one predetermined location of the Flandling arm including the end-of-arm tool. This allows a conclusion on the dynamics of the end-of-arm, end-of-ABC or the end-of-arm tool.
    Specifically, the dynamic limit used in the first variant may be a value expressed as g-force (force per mass) or acceleration (m / s2). The limit value is then given, for example, as a percentage of a maximum g-force or acceleration occurring during decay. Preferably, the dynamic limit is between 0.5 and 10%, more preferably between 1.5 and 7%, of the g-force or acceleration given at the maximum swing.
    The course used in the second variant can be detected in a test run of the handling arm or in several test drives with different weights and speeds. However, it is preferably provided that the course of the dynamic parameter is determined or calculated by a computing unit based on known values of the handling device. A mixed variant is also possible in which the course of the dynamic parameter is determined as a function of at least one test drive and additional calculations via the arithmetic unit.
    Protection is also desired for a handling device with the features of claim 4. This has a handling arm, an end-of-arm tool, a drive device for the handling arm and a control device according to the invention.
    The control device can be present as a separate structural unit and be connected by signal technology with the essential components of the handling device, so that the control device directly controls or regulates the movement of the handling device. Thus, the continuation signal from the control device can be output directly to the at least one drive device of the handling arm. Preferably, however, it is provided that the handling device has an independent handling control, wherein the control device is signal-technically connected to the handling control. In this case, therefore, the continuation signal is output indirectly via the handling control to the at least one drive device. But it can also be provided that the control device is integrated into the handling control. This control device can therefore be retrofitted as an additional program in an already existing handling control.
    According to a preferred embodiment it is provided that in the storage medium of the control device or in the handling control at least one
    Sequence is stored for movement of the end-of-arm along at least one axis of movement. In particular, the corresponding drive devices of the individual axes of movement of the handling device are driven based on this sequence sequence so that the end-of-arm moves along a certain desired path at certain speeds.
    In detail, it is preferably provided for that the at least one sequence sequence comprises a movement phase for the movement of the end-of-arm from a start position to a manipulation position, the waiting phase, a manipulation phase initiated by the continuation signal and a transport phase for the movement of the end of Arms of the manipulation position has in an end position. Of course, additional phases may be present depending on the application and complexity.
    If the handling device is to be used not only for an always constant movement and in the storage medium of the control device or in the handling control one or more stored sequence sequences, for example by applying an additional speed specification (override) at least in the speeds of the end-of-arm in the movement phase differ from each other, it is preferably provided that for each sequence of a sequence independent of the respective speed of the end-of-arm in the movement phase limit value is stored in the storage medium. Thus, the necessary time requirement may differ depending on the braking speed. If the handling device is not to be used for an always constant manipulation task, it is preferably provided to store a plurality of sequence sequences with at least different manipulation phases, wherein for each manipulation phase a separate limit value is stored in the storage medium. This limit value does not therefore have to be 5% of the maximum oscillation, but can also be only 2% or less in the case of a manipulation phase with a process which is very demanding in terms of accuracy and therefore very low presumed maximum oscillation. It would also be preferable to centrally define a plurality of limit values which are assigned to various manipulation tasks such as picking up, depositing, placing semi-finished products or shaped parts or machining processes, and to using the limit values corresponding to the activity selected in the manipulation phase in the sequence of execution.
    According to a preferred embodiment, it is provided that at least one sensor which can be brought into signal-technical connection with the control device is provided, wherein the values measured by the sensor can be transmitted to the input of the control device as signals representing the dynamic parameter. This at least one sensor can be designed as an acceleration sensor, preferably a three-axis acceleration sensor. The acceleration sensor may also be redundant to fully detect the position of the end-of-arm. The sensor may also be designed as an optical sensor (for example as a reference position camera, as a stereo camera, as a distance sensor, etc.) with which the position of the end-of-arm relative to the environment is detected. The use of a strain gauge, a position sensor or a wireless sensor is possible. For the arrangement of the sensor, it is theoretically possible that this is transported along with the part transported by the handling device. The at least one sensor can be arranged in a base region of the handling device or even on a shaping machine. For example, the sensor may be in the form of a camera and "look" at the end-of-arm. As a result, relative movement to a fixed background can be detected. Preferably, however, it is provided that the at least one sensor is arranged in the region of the end-of-arm. Thus, the vibration can be detected directly where it occurs.
    Also for the second variant according to the invention, values which originate from at least one such sensor can be used for the calculation. With this model-based approach, however, it is also possible that the course of the dynamic parameter (sequence of operations) is calculated by means of other sensors (for example with the already existing drives).
    In principle, it is possible that the control device is responsible only for determining the end of the waiting phase and, if appropriate, for the appropriate output of the continuation signal. Preferably, however, the task is also taken over that in each phase of the sequence of execution of the control device via the output corresponding signals to the at least one drive device can be transmitted.
    The time until the end of the waiting phase can be used for a statistical evaluation. For example, the minimum, the maximum and the average waiting time can be determined. In addition, the variable wait time can also be used to decrease / increase a speed override or to visualize the state of the handling device for the next cycle.
    A further statistical evaluation of the waiting time is preferably the evaluation of all waiting times in one or more sequence sequences, which the robot must wait until the manipulator receives the continuation signal from the control device. This statistical value - be it as sum, mean or other statistical function - evaluated for a production cycle or the cycle time, for the production of a finished part by the forming machine is a quality feature of the process and can over the continuous production period of a product or recorded on the production of various products, displayed on the system or offline on an evaluation unit (eg on a PC, etc.) and evaluated in terms of machine diagnosis and condition monitoring.
    Protection is also desired for a shaping installation with a shaping machine, in particular an injection molding machine or injection press, and a handling device together with a control device according to the invention.
    For this purpose, it is preferably provided that the shaping machine has an injection unit and a closing unit with a molding tool, wherein the handling unit can bring a semifinished product into the molding tool or a molded part produced in the molding tool can be manipulated in the manipulation phase, preferably receivable, stored, transferred and / or inserted, is.
    This forming machine has a machine control, wherein the control device can also be directly connected to this machine control signal technology. It is preferably provided that the handling control with the
    Machine control is connected by signal technology or integrated into the machine control.
    In the case of the method according to the invention for controlling a handling device, in the first variant the first step is the comparison of signals received from an input of the handling device (optionally after signal processing such as filtering, statistical evaluation etc.), which is a dynamic parameter of the end-of-arm of the handling arm, with a stored in a storage medium limit, which corresponds to a certain dynamic parameter of the end-of-arms, provided.
    In the second variant, the steps are first of all defining, preferably calculating, progressions of a dynamic parameter of the end-of-arm, depositing several end-of-arm decay profiles on the basis of the defined gradients and setting a time limit corresponding to each decay profile in FIG Dependent on the respective course of the dynamic parameter of the end-of-arm provided.
    Thereafter, the step of determining the end of a waiting phase, wherein the waiting phase of an operation of an attached to an end-of-arm handling arm end-of-arm tool is preceded and the fading of vibrations of the end-of-arm of the handling of the Handling device is used. Preferably, in response to this fixed end of the waiting phase, the step of outputting a continuation signal is performed via an output, wherein the continuation signal represents the completion of a waiting phase for decaying oscillations of an end-of-arm of a handling arm of the handling device. In extreme cases, the waiting phase can also be omitted or 0, if the continuation signal can already be given at the time of the start of the waiting phase. This implies that the criteria for giving the continuation signal are checked or calculated before the start of the waiting phase.
    In a method for moving a handling arm of a handling device based on a sequence of operations, the steps of moving an end-of-arm of the
    Handling arms from a start position to a manipulation position, waiting according to a waiting phase of the sequence sequence, completion of the waiting phase in response to a specified according to a method of claim 14 end of the waiting phase, preferably by outputting a continuation signal, manipulating a molded part or a semi-finished with attached to the handling arm end -of-arm tool and moving the end-of-arm to an end position.
    Further details and advantages of the present invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the description of the figures with reference to the exemplary embodiments illustrated in the drawings. Show:
    1 shows schematically a shaping system with control device,
    Handling device and forming machine,
    Fig. 2 shows schematically a second variant of the invention
    Control device,
    3 is a handling device in a perspective view,
    4 shows a detail of FIG. 3,
    5 shows an exemplary program code according to the prior art,
    6 shows an exemplary program code according to the invention,
    Fig. 7 shows an exemplary program code with an additional maximum
    Waiting period,
    8 shows the Handlingarmbewegung based on a TCP,
    9 is a graph of the velocity / time history of
    Endpoint acceleration and
    10 is a graph of the speed / time history of
    Endpoint acceleration at lower default speed.
    1 shows schematically on the right side a shaping system 17. This consists of a shaping machine 11 and a handling device 2. The shaping machine 11 in turn has a closing unit 19 and an injection unit 18. Also, a machine controller 21 with a display and an input (touchscreen and / or keyboard) is present. In an injection unit 22 of the injection unit 18, introduced via a hopper 23, preferably granular, starting material is melted. The melt is introduced into a cavity formed in the mold 20, consisting of the two mold halves 20a and 20b, via the injection channel 24 shown by dashed lines. The two mold halves 20a and 20b are attached to the movable platen 25 and to the fixed platen 26. The movable mold clamping plate 25 is movable along the frame 28 by a drive device 27, for example in the form of a toggle lever system.
    The Flandlinggerät 2 has a base 29. With this base 29, the Flandlinggerät 2 can also be mounted on or on the forming machine 11. The Flandlingarm 8 has in this case three sub-arms 8a, 8b and 8c. These are movable relative to each other along or about the axes of movement X, Y and Z, respectively. These axes of motion X, Y and Z can be rotational or linear. Each partial arm 8a, 8b and 8c can be driven by an associated drive device 14a, 14b and 14c. These three partial drive devices form the drive device 14 for the handling arm 8. The handling arm 8 has an end piece, which is referred to as the end-of-arm 7. At the end of the handling arm 8, an end-of-arm tool 12 is attached. This can also be referred to as a manipulator or as a transfer head. In the illustrated case, the end-of-arm tool 12 is designed as a pincer-like gripper. From this, a molded part 13 is just removed from the cavity of the mold 20. Of course, in this way it is also possible to introduce into the cavity a preferably fiber-reinforced semi-finished product (eg a preform, an organic sheet or a roving). In a handling control 15 which is connected to the handling device 2 by signal technology, a sequence B for the handling arm 8 of the handling device 2 is stored. Starting from this sequence of sequences B, the individual drive devices 14a, 14b and 14c are activated. According to the movement phase M1, the end-of-arm 7 is moved from a start position P1 to a manipulation position P2. This is followed by the waiting phase W. Once this has ended, the manipulation phase M2 is followed by the end-of-arm tool 12. Finally, the transport phase M3 follows. After trailing sequence sequence B, the end-of-arm 7 is in the end position P3. In the area of the end-of-arm 7 and a sensor 16 is mounted. From this sensor 16, a value is measured which a dynamic parameter Pdyn, z. B. an acceleration signal, the end-of-arm 7 represents.
    In Fig. 1, a control device 1 connected to the handling device 2 is shown schematically on the left side schematically. This control device 1 can be integrated in the handling controller 15. In the case shown, they are designed as separate units. The control device 1 has a processor 4 and a storage medium 3. There is also an input 6 for receiving signals and an output 5 for outputting signals. Via the input 6, the control device 1 receives a signal originating from the sensor 16, which represents the dynamic parameter Pdyn of the end-of-arm 7. In the case of the first variant according to the invention, this value is compared in a comparison unit 9 of the control device 1 with the limit value G stored in the storage medium 3, which corresponds to a dynamic limit value Gdyn comparable to the dynamic parameter Pdyn. As soon as the dynamic parameter Pdyn transmitted by the sensor 16 reaches the dynamic limit value Gdyn or exceeds it in the predetermined direction, the end of a waiting phase W is reached. Depending on this, a continuation signal F is output. As a result, the waiting phase W of a, preferably stored in the handling control 15, sequence B is completed. This continuation signal F can be output directly from the control device 1 to the corresponding drive device 14 of the handling device 2. It is preferably provided that this is done indirectly by-as shown-this continuation signal F is transmitted to the handling controller 15, whereby the sequence B sequence is switched from the waiting phase W in the manipulation phase M2. In this manipulation phase M2, a signal is output to the end-of-arm tool 12, which accordingly manipulates the molded part 12 (or the semi-finished product).
    In Fig. 2, the second variant of the control device 1 according to the invention is shown schematically. In a computing unit 10 of the control device 1 decay profiles are calculated. These are based on incoming dynamic parameters Pdyn, from which in each case a curve Vdyn of the dynamic parameter Pdyn is created. These calculated courses Vdyni to Vdynx are stored in the storage medium 3. For each of the courses Vdyn1 to Vdynx, an associated time limit value Gt1 to Gtx is also defined and stored. The control unit 1 terminates the waiting phase W, preferably outputs a continuation signal F as soon as the time limit stored as limit value G is reached during the execution of a sequence B of the handling device 2 in the waiting phase W. In this case, it is taken into account (automatically or manually) which of the stored profiles Vdyn corresponds to the current sequence B and / or the current properties of the handling device 2. Thus, the limit value Gt is used which is stored for the stored decay profile that corresponds to the actual decay behavior or comes closest to it. In a course Vdyn with a strong decay behavior, therefore, a limit value Gt with a later time limit for the output of the continuation signal F will be stored.
    Fig. 3 shows a handling device 2 in a perspective view. On the base 29, an elongated support 30 is mounted. Along this support 30, the partial arm 8a of the handling arm 8 can be moved linearly by the drive device 14a. Along this partial arm 8a, in turn, the partial arm 8b can be moved linearly by the drive device 14b. The sub-arm 8c, consisting of the parts 8c1 and 8c2, in the vertical direction relative to the sub-arm 8b, driven by the drive device 14 c, movable. At the end (end-of-arm 7), the end-of-arm tool 12 is attached.
    In this case, the end-of-arm tool 12 is connected to the end-of-arm 7 via a rotation axis ABC. There may also be several axes of rotation ABC.
    The end-of-arm tool 12 is shown in detail in FIG. This has four suction elements 31 and four rods 32, via which a flat molding 13 can be kept well. In the area of the end-of-arm 7, a sensor 16 is mounted in the form of an acceleration sensor. This detects the accelerations occurring at this position and thus enables a direct or model-based determination of the acceleration of the end-of-arm tool 12 in the control device. 1
    In general, it is the case that the positioning of the manipulator (end-of-arm tool 12) takes place with high dynamics, so that, in particular, cantilevered construction methods after the positioning process cause a decaying process.
    The duration of the decay process is determined by many parameters such as position, weight distribution, position of the hand axes, dynamics used, etc., as well as the
    Requirements of the process depend on the accuracy. Therefore, according to the prior art, the waiting time for a decay of the residual vibration is determined empirically and provided with tolerances so that the desired process reliability is achieved. In the following, the prior art of a program code of a control device of a handling device when picking up or inserting a molded part or semifinished product is shown with reference to FIG. 5. Typically, a sequence in the following form is expedient: outputting a command for moving to a preparation position (start position P1) at high speed (MOVE Pos1) issuing a command for moving to the target position (manipulation position P2) for part manipulation at reduced speed and outputting a Commands to wait until the position preset corresponds to the target position (WAIT MOVE Pos2) - Wait until the residual vibration has subsided (WAIT waiting time 1) - Output a control signal to release or record parts with the End-of-Arm tool 12 and wait until the Manipulation completed successfully (process) - output of a signal to move to the next position, eg. Eg to end position P3 (MOVE Pos3)
    In particular, in the third command step, a fixed time is usually used because the information about the state of the handling arm in the form of vibrations are not available.
    Through the use of sensor (sensor 16) at the end of the handling arm 8 or in the vicinity of it is possible, the state of the handling arm 8 in the form of dynamics (acceleration, speed, deflection, state of stress,
    Vision systems, etc.). If one now uses one or more such dynamic variables (or variables determined therefrom) as a decision feature for the transition from the last robot positioning movement to the activation of the manipulator, the previously fixed time can be dispensed with. In particular, the new waiting condition can be given a parameter in the form of a barrier for the decision feature. By using sensors, on the one hand, higher process reliability and, on the other hand, a faster process run is achieved. This could be the new one
    Program code with robot commands look like in Fig. 6. The difference from Fig. 5 is accordingly only in the third step. Accordingly, it is waited until the residual vibration falls below a certain limit (limit G). In other words, instead of the empirically determined waiting time in accordance with FIG. 5, a new wait command is waiting, which waits for a value below the threshold value representative of the endpoint acceleration. In addition, the barrier can be chosen so that it meets the requirements of the process and is still valid for changes in the path planning (positions, dynamics) or even the manipulator, no damage caused and even a cycle time reduction is achieved.
    FIG. 7 shows by way of example a further program code. In this implementation, the wait command has been supplemented by the evaluation of a maximum waiting time (timeout). If the maximum waiting time has expired and the residual vibration limit has not yet been met, then an alternative process is branched off. This may represent another attempt of the original process or run into an error handling branch. Of course, several tests, preferably in a loop, can be provided and the number of tests can be limited in turn. All of these enhancements aim to further increase process stability and fault tolerance.
    FIG. 8 shows an idealized movement of the TCP (Tool Center Point) without oscillations thereof during programming as in FIG. 6. The three axes of motion X, Y and Z are also shown.
    Fig. 9 is a graph showing the time course of the end point acceleration. For this purpose, an interface module is extended by an acceleration sensor (sensor 16) on the handling arm 8. This enables the direct or modeled detection of the end point acceleration (end-of-arm) and the evaluation of the signal in the control device 1. In the sequence B, the acceleration is stored relative to the time (see dotted line "default"). The actual acceleration measured by the sensor 16 deviates from this specification (see continuous line "Kinematics"). This controlled movement of the handling arm 8 corresponds to the movement phase M1. The waiting phase W is connected to this movement phase M1. Due to the predetermined abrupt deceleration of the movement of the handling arm 8, there is a decay, which decays over time by itself or by an introduced into the drive system damping. In order to pass into the subsequent manipulation phase M2, a fixed waiting time has been specified so far (see dotted arrow). However, an unnecessary cycle time delay was accepted. On the other hand, limit values G (limit1, Iimit2) are given, which directly relate to the actual decay behavior. As soon as this limit value G is reached or fallen below, the continuation signal F is output and thereby the manipulation phase M2 is started. Since the output of the continuation signal F is dependent on a measured or calculated decay behavior, the switching considerably shortens the next phase of the movement sequence (see shorter waiting time or waiting time 2). If, according to FIG. 10, the robot acceleration specification is changed, for example when starting a new product, or if changed limit values are set, the waiting times between the actual positioning of the robot and the possibility of starting the subsequent process step also change. The exact requirements depend on the respective process, so that it can be carried out with a swung-out manipulator. According to FIG. 10, the maximum acceleration of the specification is lower than in FIG. 9, which also results in the lower swing-out amplitudes. For this reason, in the case of the continuation signal output, which depends directly on the decay-time response, an even greater time advantage compared to the predefined waiting time is given.
    List of Reference Numerals: 1 control device 2 handling device 3 storage medium 4 processor 5 output 6 input 7 end-of-arm 8 handling arm 8a-8c sub-arms 8c1, 8c2 parts of the sub-arm 8c 9 comparison unit 10 arithmetic unit 11 shaping machine 12 end-of-arm tool 13 molding 14 - 14c drive devices 15 handling control 16 sensor 17 molding unit 18 injection unit 19 closing unit 20 mold 20a, 20b mold halves 21 machine control 22 injection unit 23 hopper 24 injection channel 25 movable platen 26 fixed platen 27 drive device 28 frame 29 base 30 carrier 31 suction elements 32 bars G limit
    Gdyn limit based on a dynamic parameter
    Gt limit on the basis of a time limit F continuation signal W waiting phase
    Pdyn dynamic parameter
    Vdyn course of a dynamic parameter B Sequence sequence X, Y, Z Movement axes M1 Movement phase M2 Manipulation phase M3 Movement or transport phase P1 Start position P2 Manipulation position P3 End position ABC Rotary axes
    Innsbruck, 17 October 2016
    权利要求:
    Claims (16)
    [1]
    claims
    1. control device (1) for a handling device (2), comprising - a storage medium (3), - a processor (4), - an output (5) for outputting signals and - an input (6) for obtaining signals of the Handling device (2), wherein upon reaching a limit value (G) of the control device (1) the end of a waiting phase (W) can be fixed, wherein the waiting phase (W) actuation of an on an end-of-arm (7) of a handling (8) mounted end-of-arm tools (12) is upstream and the decay of vibrations of the end-of-arm (7) of the handling arm (8) of the handling device (2) is used, characterized in that the over signals received at the input (6) represent a dynamic parameter (Pdyn) of the end-of-arm (7) of the handling arm (8), and the limit value (Gdyn) represents a specific dynamic parameter (Pdyn) of the end-of-memory stored in the storage medium. Arms (7) corresponds, wherein of a comparison unit (9) of the control device (1), the received signals with are comparable to the limit value (Gdyn) and upon reaching the limit value (Gdyn) the end of the waiting phase (W) can be defined, or - that in the storage medium (3) several decay profiles of the end-of-arm (7), each with a course (Vdyn ) of a dynamic parameter (Pdyn) of the end-of-arm (7) are stored, depending on the curve (Vdyn) of the dynamic parameter (Pdyn), the limit value (Gt), which corresponds to a time limit, fixed and upon reaching the limit value (Gt) the end of the waiting phase (W) can be specified.
    [2]
    2. Control device according to claim 1, characterized in that from the control device (1) in dependence of the fixed end of the waiting phase (W), a continuation signal (F) can be output.
    [3]
    3. Control device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the dynamic parameter (Pdyn) a based on the speed, the acceleration, the deflection, the state of tension and / or the position of the end-of-arm (7) determined, preferably measured or calculated, vibration value.
    [4]
    4. Handling device (2) for a shaping machine (11), comprising - a handling arm (8), which has an end-of-arm (7), - an end of arm tool (12) attached to the handling arm (8) ) for manipulating a molded part (13) or a semi-finished product, - at least one drive device (14) for the handling arm (8) and - a control device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3.
    [5]
    5. Handling device according to claim 4, characterized in that the handling device (2) has a handling control (15), wherein the control device (1) with the handling control (15) is connected by signal technology or in the machine control (15) is integrated.
    [6]
    6. Handling device according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that in the storage medium (3) of the control device (1) or in the handling control (15) at least one sequence sequence (B) for moving the end-of-arm (7) along at least one Motion axis (X, Y, Z) is stored.
    [7]
    7. Handling device according to claim 6, characterized in that the at least one sequence sequence (B) - a movement phase (M1) for the movement of the end-of-arm (7) from a start position (P1) to a manipulation position (P2), - the waiting phase (W), a manipulation phase (M2) initiated by the continuation signal (F), and a movement or transport phase (M3) for the movement of the end-of-arm (7) from the manipulation position (P2) to an end position (P3).
    [8]
    8. Handling device according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that in the storage medium (3) of the control device (1) or in the handling control (15) a plurality of sequence sequences (B) are stored, at least in the speeds of the end-of-arm (7) in the manipulation phase (M2) differ from each other, wherein for each sequence sequence (B) of the respective manipulation phase (M2) performed action of the end-of-arms tool (12) dependent limit value (G) in the storage medium (3) is stored.
    [9]
    9. Handling device according to one of claims 4 to 8, characterized by at least one, preferably in the region of the end-of-arm (7) or in the region of the end-of-arm tools (12) arranged sensor (16), preferably an acceleration sensor, wherein the values measured by the sensor (16) as the dynamic parameters (Pdyn) representing signals to the input (6) of the control device (1) can be transmitted.
    [10]
    10. Handling device according to one of claims 6 to 9, characterized in that in each phase of the sequence sequence (B) of the control device (1) via the output (5) corresponding signals to the at least one drive device (14) can be transmitted.
    [11]
    11. Forming system (17) with a shaping machine (11), in particular an injection molding machine, and a handling device (2) according to one of claims 4 to 10.
    [12]
    12. Forming plant according to claim 11, characterized in that the shaping machine (11) has an injection unit (18) and a closing unit (19) with a molding tool (20), wherein the handling device (2) has a molded part (20) produced in the molding ( 13) in the manipulation phase (M2) manipulatable, preferably receivable, storable, transferable and / or insertable, or a semi-finished product in the mold (20) can be brought.
    [13]
    13. Forming system according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that the shaping machine (11) has a machine control (21), wherein the handling control (15) is signal-technically connected to the machine control (21) or integrated in the machine control (21).
    [14]
    14. A method for controlling a handling device (2), wherein either first the step - comparing received via an input (6) received signals of the handling device (2), which a dynamic parameter (Pdyn) of the end-of-arm (7) of Handling arms (8) represent, with a deposited in a storage medium (3) limit (Gdyn), which corresponds to a certain dynamic parameter (Pdyn) of the end-of-arms (7) is performed, or first the steps - Set, preferably calculating , of progressions (Vdyn) of a dynamic parameter (Pdyn) of the end-of-arm (7), - depositing several decay profiles of the end-of-arm (7) based on the established gradients (Vdyn) and - setting a time limit Limit value (Gt) to each swing profile depending on the respective course (Vdyn) of the dynamic parameter (Pdyn) of the end-of-arm (7) are performed, respectively followed by the step - Set the end of a waiting phase (W) Reaching the limit value (Gdyn, Gt), the waiting phase (W) being preceded by an actuation of an end-of-arm tool (12) attached to an end-of-arm (7) of a handling arm (8) and allowed to fade away of vibrations of the end-of-arm (7) of the handling arm (8) of the handling device (2) is used.
    [15]
    15. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that in response to the predetermined end of the waiting phase (W) a continuation signal (F) is output.
    [16]
    16. A method for moving a handling arm (8) of a handling device (2) on the basis of, in particular in a storage medium (3) of a control device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3 deposited, sequence (B), with the steps - Move an end-of-arm (7) of the handling arm (8) from a start position (P1) to a manipulation position (P2), - waiting in accordance with a waiting phase (W) of the sequence (B), - termination of the waiting phase (W) in dependence an end of the waiting phase (W) determined according to a method according to claim 14, preferably by outputting a continuation signal (F), - manipulating a molded part (13) or a semifinished product with an end-of-arm tool attached to the handling arm (8) 12) and - moving the end-of-arm (7) to an end position (P3).
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ATA50940/2016A|AT519508B1|2016-10-18|2016-10-18|Regulating device for a handling device|ATA50940/2016A| AT519508B1|2016-10-18|2016-10-18|Regulating device for a handling device|
    DE102017124182.5A| DE102017124182B4|2016-10-18|2017-10-17|Regulating device for a handling device|
    US15/785,491| US10981316B2|2016-10-18|2017-10-17|Control device for a handling device|
    CN201710971860.3A| CN107953525B|2016-10-18|2017-10-18|Operate regulating device and adjusting method, the operation equipment and molding equipment of equipment|
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